Search resultsGene-nutrient interactions: Dietary behaviour associated with high coronary heart disease risk particularly affects serum LDL cholesterol in apolipoprotein E ε4-carrying free-living individuals
Title
Gene-nutrient interactions: Dietary behaviour associated with high coronary heart disease risk particularly affects serum LDL cholesterol in apolipoprotein E ε4-carrying free-living individuals
Publication type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2000
Authors
Journal
British Journal of Nutrition
Volume
84
Issue
6
Pagination
885 - 890
Date published
2000
ISBN
00071145 (ISSN)
Keywords
Adult, Aged, alcohol consumption, allele, Alleles, apolipoprotein E, Apolipoproteins E, article, Body Mass Index, cardiovascular risk, cholesterol blood level, cholesterol diet, Cholesterol, LDL, cohort analysis, controlled study, coronary artery disease, Coronary Disease, diet, Dietary Fats, dietary intake, energy absorption, Energy Intake, Female, genetic association, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, genotype, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, human, human experiment, Humans, Lipids, lipoprotein blood level, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, male, Middle Aged, normal human, nutrient, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, saturated fatty acid
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype influence on the relationship between dietary risk factors for cardiovascular disease and blood serum lipid levels was investigated in 132 free-living individuals participating in the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC) study. All subjects (age 40-69) were clinically healthy and provided information on their usual diet. ApoE genotype and serum lipid concentrations were determined in all subjects. Relationships of intake of dietary constituents with serum lipid levels were compared in different genotype groups. There was a significant correlation between total serum cholesterol and intake of energy derived from total fat (r 0.195; P 0.025) and saturated fat (r 0.174; P 0.046) in the cohort as a whole. However, individuals with the ApoE ε3/ε4 genotype displayed a much stronger positive correlation between LDL cholesterol level and the percentage of energy derived from intake of saturated fat (r 0.436; P 0.043). There were no significant associations in the groups with ε3/ε3 or ε2/ε2 & ε2/ε3 genotype. A significant positive correlation between alcohol consumption and HDL cholesterol level was present in individuals bearing ApoE ε2 allele. These findings support current public health recommendations that saturated fat consumption should be reduced in order to reduce coronary heart disease risk. Total cholesterol concentrations were positively related to saturated fat intake in the cohort as a whole, but elevated LDL cholesterol levels associated with high saturated fat intake can be expected particularly in those individuals who combine a 'risky' dietary behaviour with the presence of the ε4 variant of ApoE.