Search resultsEthanol-induced oxidative stress: Basic knowledge
Title
Ethanol-induced oxidative stress: Basic knowledge
Publication type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2010
Authors
Journal
Genes and Nutrition
Volume
5
Issue
2
Pagination
101 - 109
Date published
2010
ISBN
15558932 (ISSN)
Keywords
acetaldehyde, alcohol, alcohol consumption, alcohol dehydrogenase, alcohol intoxication, alcohol metabolism, alcohol oxidation, antioxidant, carbon tetrachloride, catalase, CYP2E1 isoform, cytochrome P450, cytochrome P450 2E1, enzyme activity, Ethanol metabolism, human, Hydroxyethyl radicals, isoprostane derivative, lipid peroxidation, lipogenesis, liver injury, liver mitochondrion, Liver-free non-protein bound iron, molecular interaction, nitrate reductase (NADH), nonhuman, oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative stress, pathogenesis, Plasma isoprostanes, protein expression, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, review, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1, transcription regulation, unsaturated fatty acid
Abstract
After a general introduction, the main pathways of ethanol metabolism (alcohol dehydrogenase, catalase, coupling of catalase with NADPH oxidase and microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system) are shortly reviewed. The cytochrome P 450 isoform (CYP2E1) specifically involved in ethanol oxidation is discussed. The acetaldehyde metabolism and the shift of the NAD/NADH ratio in the cellular environment (reductive stress) are stressed. The toxic effects of acetaldehyde are mentioned. The ethanolinduced oxidative stress: The increased MDA formation by incubated liver preparations, the absorption of conjugated dienes in mitochondrial and microsomal lipids and the decrease in the most unsaturated fatty acids in liver cell membranes are discussed. The formation of carbon-centered (1-hydroxyethyl) and oxygen-centered (hydroxyl) radicals during the metabolism of ethanol is considered: The generation of hydroxyethyl radicals, which occurs likely during the process of univalent reduction of dioxygen, is highlighted and is carried out by ferric cytochrome P450 oxy-complex (P450Fe3+O2 -) formed during the reduction of heme-oxygen. The ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation has been evaluated, and it has been shown that plasma F2-isoprostanes are increased in ethanol toxicity.