The COVID-19 pandemic impacts psychiatric outcomes and alcohol use among college students

背景: COVID-19 疫情几乎对生活的所有领域都带来了根本性的挑战。目的: 本研究旨在通过 a) 考查疫情对精神和酒精结果的影响领域, 以及 b) 控制疫情前结果, 扩展有关疫情对大学生影响的文献。方法: 参与者包括来自一项更大型大学生心理健康纵向研究的 897 名大学生 (78.6% 为女性) 。结构方程模型适用于考查 COVID-19 的影响 (暴露, 担忧, 食物/住房不安全, 社交媒体使用的变化, 物质使用的变化) 如何与 PTSD, 焦虑, 抑郁, 自杀意念和酒精表型相关联。模型在控制疫情前症状中拟合。结果: 在控制了早期结果后, COVID-19 暴露没有影响。 COVID-19 担忧预测了 PTSD, 抑郁和焦虑, 即使在控制了早期结果水平之后 (β:0.091–.180, p< .05) 。在控制了早期症状水平后, 住房/食物问题可预测 PTSD, 焦虑和抑郁症状以及自杀意念 (β:.085–.551, p< .05)。媒体使用的变化预测了饮酒量 (β:±.116–.197, p< .05)。物质使用的变化影响除自杀之外的所有结果 (β: .112–.591, p< .05)。结论: 在第一波冠状病毒疫情期间, COVID-19 影响领域对大学生的心理健康和物质结果有不同的影响。未来研究应该考查这些因素在疫情波动中对大学生心理健康的影响。.Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed fundamental challenges on nearly every area of life. Objective: The purpose of the current study was to expand on the literature on the impact of the pandemic on college students by a) examining domains of impact of the pandemic on psychiatric and alcohol outcomes and b) controlling for pre-pandemic outcomes. Method: Participants included 897 college students (78.6% female) from a larger longitudinal study on college student mental health. Structural equation models were fit to examine how COVID-19 impact (exposure, worry, food/housing insecurity, change in social media use, change in substance use) were associated with PTSD, anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, and alcohol phenotypes. Models were fit to adjust for pre-pandemic symptoms. Results: No effects of COVID-19 exposure remained after adjusting for earlier outcomes. COVID-19 worry predicted PTSD, depression, and anxiety, even after adjusting for earlier levels of outcomes (β's: .091-.180, p's < .05). Housing/food concerns predicted PTSD, anxiety, and depression symptoms as well as suicidal ideation (β's: .085-.551, p's < .05) after adjusting for earlier levels of symptoms. Change in media use predicted alcohol consumption (β's: ± .116-.197, p's < .05). Change in substance use affected all outcomes except suicidality (β's: .112-.591, p's < .05). Conclusions: Domains of COVID-19 impact had differential effects on mental health and substance outcomes in college students during the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic. Future studies should examine the trajectory of these factors on college student mental health across waves of the pandemic.