Search resultsCigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and risk of ARDS: A 15-year cohort study in a managed care setting
Title
Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and risk of ARDS: A 15-year cohort study in a managed care setting
Publication type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2000
Authors
Journal
Chest
Volume
117
Issue
1
Pagination
163 - 168
Date published
2000
ISBN
00123692 (ISSN)
Keywords
Adult, adult respiratory distress syndrome, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, alcohol, alcohol consumption, Alcohol Drinking, ARDS, article, California, cigarette smoking, disease association, epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Maintenance Organizations, Hospital Mortality, human, Humans, incidence, major clinical study, male, managed care, Middle Aged, mortality, outcomes research, priority journal, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult, Retrospective Studies, risk assessment, risk factor, Risk Factors, smoking, Survival Rate
Abstract
Study objective: To examine the association of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption with hospital presentation of ARDS in a well-defined, multiethnic population. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Health maintenance organization in Northern California. Participants: A total of 121,012 health plan subscribers (54.2% women), aged 25 to 89 years. Outcome measure: Hospital presentation of ARDS (validated by medical chart review) from baseline in 1979 to 1985 through the end of 1993 (median, 9.9 years). Results: There were 56 cases of ARDS (33 in men, 23 in women). The case fatality rate was 39% in both genders. ARDS was independently related to increasing age (rate ratio of 10 years, 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 1.71), to current smoking of < 20 cigarettes/d (rate ratio vs never cigarette smokers, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.23 to 6.60), and to current cigarette smoking of ≥ 20 cigarettes/d (rate ratio vs never smokers, 4.59; 95% CI, 2,13 to 9.88). No association was observed between alcohol consumption and ARDS. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest a relationship (with evidence of dose-response effect) between cigarette smoking and ARDS. Assuming a causal relationship, approximately 50% of ARDS cases were attributable to cigarette smoking.