Alcohol consumption and aortic arch calcification in an older Chinese sample: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study

Objective: To examine the association between alcohol consumption and aortic arch calcification (AAC) in an older Chinese sample. Methods: In 27,844 older people aged 50-85, socioeconomic position and lifestyle factors were assessed by a questionnaire. The presence and severity of AAC were diagnosed from chest X-ray by two experienced radiologists. Results: In men, the risk for AAC increased significantly in frequent or excessive drinkers [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.36 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-1.59) and 1.49 (1.21-1.83) for those who drank >5 times/week and those who drank excessively, respectively] (P for trend from 0.002 to 0.001). When AAC was analyzed as an outcome variable with 3 categories of severity, significant dose-response relations between the severity of AAC and alcohol consumption were observed, with those who drank frequently (> 5/week) or excessively having more serious AAC (P for trend = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively). No significant association was found in women as few drank excessively. Conclusion: The presence and severity of AAC were associated with quantity or frequency of alcohol consumption in a dose-response pattern, suggesting that alcohol drinking, even when moderate, has no benefit for AAC. Excessive drinking increased the risk of AAC by 50% compared to never drinkers.