Dietary pattern, a modifiable risk factor that can be easily assessed for atherosclerosis vascular disease prevention in clinical practice

Objective:s Nutrition is one of the modifiable risk factors of atherosclerosis vascular diseases (VD). We aimed to (i) evaluate the dietary patterns associated with VD in clinical practice using a validated FFQ; and (ii) determine potential independent sociodemographic and behavioural factors that are involved in such dietary patterns. The FFQ determined the vascular dietary score (VDS; ranges from 17 to 19) for each subject.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: A general practitioner's (GP) office in 2009.Subjects: A total of 250 French Subjects (18-84 years old).Results: A total of 21 % had a favourable vascular diet (VDS < 8), 79 % needed to improve their diet (VDS < 8) and 21 % had a risky vascular diet (VDS ≤-1). A step-by-step multivariate linear regression analysis with stepwise selection was performed using the VDS as a dependent variable. Significant variables were: age (β = 0.495, P < 0.0001), men (β = 0.282, P < 0.0001), sport 1 h/week (β = 0.253, P = 0.001), walking 20 min/d (β = 0.161, P = 0.012), former smoker (β = 0.118, P = 0.029), previous nutritional advice (β = 0.105, P = 0.049), alcohol ≥20 g/d (β = 0.216, P < 0.0001) and primary school (β = 0.156, P = 0.010). The R2 coefficient of this model was 0347 (P < 0.0001). In all, 887 % of the Subjects found the evaluation very interesting and 896 % believed that the GP should perform it.Conclusions: Simple dietary assessment for VD prevention can be easily performed in clinical practice to allow physicians to give Objective: and rapid advice for each patient. Age, educational status, alcohol consumption, gender and physical activity are associated with the VDS. Compliance with such evaluation was found to be very high, which should encourage larger dietary screening in the population in order to reduce the impact of VD.