Search resultsEffect of alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and flushing response on esophageal cancer risk: A population-based cohort study (JPHC study)
Title
Effect of alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and flushing response on esophageal cancer risk: A population-based cohort study (JPHC study)
Publication type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2009
Authors
Journal
Cancer Letters
Volume
275
Issue
2
Pagination
240 - 246
Date published
2009
ISBN
03043835 (ISSN)
Keywords
Adult, alcohol consumption, Alcohol Drinking, article, cancer incidence, cancer risk, cigarette smoking, Cohort Studies, controlled study, Esophageal Neoplasms, Esophageal squamous cell cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, flushing, human, Humans, major clinical study, male, Population Surveillance, Population-based cohort study, priority journal, Risk Factors, smoking, tobacco
Abstract
We examined the effect of alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and flushing response on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a large-scale population-based cohort study. 44,970 middle-aged and older Japanese men were followed. A total of 215 cases of ESCC were newly diagnosed. Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking are strongly associated with the incidence of ESCC. Heavy alcohol consumption increased the risk of ESCC especially among heavy smokers with the flushing response (HR = 3.41, 95% CI = 2.10-5.51). Strong effect modification was detected in heavy smokers. Our results suggest that heavy alcohol consumption together with heavy smoking may increase the risk of ESCC particularly in individuals with the flushing response.